Course detail
Turbomachinery
FSI-LLS Acad. year: 2018/2019 Winter semester
The course is concerned with the application of fundamental physical laws, above all hydromechanics and thermo-mechanics for the design and utilization of a large group of machines. The basic principle of these machines is transformation of thermal, pressure or potential energy into kinetic energy of fluid and the transfer of that energy to the rotor of the machine, and vice versa. Therefore, substantial parts of the course is focused on interactions between a real fluid flowing around or through bodies. Due to the high speed, relatively small machines reach high power outputs. Turbo-machines are used in a great number of applications and in a very extensive range of working conditions. The explanation on physical principles is accompanied with the design of turbo-machines.
Language of instruction
Czech
Number of ECTS credits
5
Supervisor
Department
Learning outcomes of the course unit
The course makes students familiar with the knowledge about engineering usage of physical laws for construction and use of large group of machines. Students will learn which instruments have to be used by an engineer to reach goals in a best way with respect to the user and economical demands.
Prerequisites
Thermo-mechanics basics. Basics of energy industry.
Planned learning activities and teaching methods
The course is taught through lectures explaining the basic principles and theory of the discipline. Exercises are focused on practical topics presented in lectures.
Assesment methods and criteria linked to learning outcomes
Course-unit credit requirements: Active participation at seminars. Systematic control of continuous study and effort regarding the application of the knowledge acquired at lectures to simple tasks in the area of the design of functional parts of blade machines. Examination is written and oral. The knowledge of used physical laws and their application to specific types of blade machines is tested as well as construction variants of basic functional parts and connections of constructional variant and applied attributes of these machines. Relation of working conditions of blade machines and their constructional variants.
Aims
The course objective is to show students which measures is necessary to take for realisation of physical intention in a real machine and how is the construction of a given machine influenced by changes of conditions (type of medium, demanded power, pressure, temperature etc.) On the other side, students will learn how selected construction variant determines attributes and characteristics of a machine.
Specification of controlled education, way of implementation and compensation for absences
Attendance at seminars is required. Compensation of missed lessons to be negotiated with a teacher.
The study programmes with the given course
Programme M2I-P: Mechanical Engineering, Master's
branch M-ENI: Power Engineering, compulsory
Programme M2I-P: Mechanical Engineering, Master's
branch M-FLI: Fluid Engineering, compulsory
Programme M2I-P: Mechanical Engineering, Master's
branch M-TEP: Environmental Engineering, compulsory
Type of course unit
Lecture
26 hours, optionally
Teacher / Lecturer
Syllabus
1-2. Turbomachine (introduction).
3-4. Essential equations of turbomachines.
5-6. Energy balances of turbomachines.
7. Relation between shaft work and internal work of turbomachine stage. Shapes of parts and materials of turbomachines.
8. Fundamentals of aerodynamic of blade profiles and blade rows.
9. Losses in turbomachines. Similarities of turbomachines.
10. Design of axials turbomachine stages.
11. Design of radials and diagonals turbomachine stages.
12. Water turbines and rotodynamic pumps.
13. Wind turbines and fans.
Exercise
13 hours, compulsory
Teacher / Lecturer
Syllabus
1. Examples of blade machines, sections, pictures, manufacturing problems, usage. Application of Euler equation, Žukovsky equation, circumferential work, circumferential power.
2. Pressure drops in different screen types. Forces on blade screen profile. Calculations of efficiency and losses in blade screens.
3. Blade shape determination according to the assigned values of similarity criteria.
4. Determination of main dimensions for stage of axial steam turbine. Determination of main dimensions for stage of radio-axial turbine.
5. Basic design values for water turbines, basic dimensions calculation.
6. Basic design values of pump for a) high flow rate and small specific energy, b) low flow rate and high specific energy.
7. Ventilator design for a) high compression and high flow rate, b) high compression and low flow rate.