Course detail

Physiological Optics

FSI-TF0 Acad. year: 2020/2021 Summer semester

The optional course PHYSIOLOGICAL OPTICS takes the form of lectures and completes and extends education of physical engineers in the field of optics giving greater details in composition and function of the human eye. It provides students with information about the physiological construction of the human eye described as an optical transformation system. Also dealt with is the accommodation of the eye, sensibility of the eye, the limit of resolution of the human eye, as well as methods for its measuring. The optical aberrations of the eye are described and the processes for their compensation are proposed.

Language of instruction

Czech

Number of ECTS credits

2

Learning outcomes of the course unit

Students of the course PHYSIOLOGICAL OPTICS will acquire the fundamental knowledge in the science of eyesight. They will be made familiar with the human eye ametropia and prepared to propose total optometrical correction.

Prerequisites

Basic principles of geometrical optics

Planned learning activities and teaching methods

The course is taught through lectures explaining the basic principles and theory of the discipline.

Assesment methods and criteria linked to learning outcomes

Course-unit credit is awarded on condition of having attended the final discussion.

Aims

The aim of the course PHYSIOLOGICAL OPTICS is to familiarise students with the optical construction of the human eye. They will learn about possible refraction aberrations (myopia, hypermetropia, presbyopia, astigmatism, anisometropia, aphakia) and ways of correction of those aberrations with optical aids.

Specification of controlled education, way of implementation and compensation for absences

Attendance at lectures is not obligatory.

The study programmes with the given course

Type of course unit

 

Lecture

13 hours, optionally

Syllabus

Morphology of human eye and the way of vision, psychophysics of colour vision
Gullstrand’s schematic eye, cornea and crystalline lens-system of eye, geometric-optical calculation of Gullstrand’s schematic eye in paraxial area as a multi-elements optical system
Anatomy of the human eye, photopic and scotopic vision, magnitude of picture on the retina, limit of resolution for the human eye, visual factor, conception of optical types
Emetropic, myopic and hypermetropic eye. The far point, the near point, axial refraction, interval and breadth of accommodation
Myopic eye. Axis and system myopia, aetiology of myopia and its correction, magnitude of picture on the retina
Hypermetropic eye. Axis and system hypermetropia, optical anatomy symptoms of hypermetropia and its correction
Aphakic eye. Correction of aphakia by the spectacle lens, contact lens, intracameral and intraocular lens
Accommodation of human eye. Measurement of accommodation, diagram of Duane, optical scheme of accommodation procedure at myopia and hypermetropia
Spectacle lenses. Bi, plane, periscopic and meniscus spectacle lenses, stigmatic lenses, Petzval surface, Petzval-Coddington condition, astigmatism of a thin lens, Tscherning’s ellipse
Bifocal spectacle lenses. Main work point, accommodation intervals
Multifocal spectacle lenses. Construction, width of central zone, hard and soft type of lens
Astigmatism of human eye. Aetiology of astigmatism, classification and correction of eye’s astigmatism. Cylindrical and torical spectacle lenses, principles of recalculation of astigmatic combinations
Colloquium