Použití hydrofobních vstev v návrhu hydraulických strojů

Utilization of hydrophobic layers in the design of hydraulic machines

článek ve sborníku ve WoS nebo Scopus

en

Large amounts of hydraulic equipment, especially pumps, operate within energy systems. It is estimated that more than 70% of the produced electrical energy is used for pumping of liquids. Therefore it is necessary to Large amounts of hydraulic equipment, especially pumps, operate within energy systems. It is estimated that more than 70% of the produced electrical energy is used for pumping of liquids. Therefore it is necessary to design modern hydraulic machinery with high hydraulic efficiency. Besides that, today's dynamic energy networks require the provision of hydraulic machines in a wide range of performance. Therefore it is necessary to search for new ways in the design and, mainly, in the technology to meet both of the above-mentioned requirements. One option of how to reduce the hydraulic losses of not only the hydraulic elements, but also the piping systems is by an adjustment of the hydraulically active elements. The aim is to achieve slippage of fluid over the surface and thereby a reduction of the velocity gradient, which determines the rate of energy dissipation near the surface. Elements with hydrophobic layers have these properties. The following chapters show some of the results of experiments and computational simulations of systems with surfaces with hydrophobic properties.

V energetických systémech pracuje velké množství hydraulických strojů, zejména čerpadel. Odhaduje se, že více než 70% vyrobené elektrické energie se spotřebuje na čerpání kapalin. Proto je nutno moderní hydraulické stroje stavět s vysokou hydraulickou účinností. Dnešní dynamika energetické sítě však kromě toho vyžaduje práci hydraulických strojů v širokém pásmu výkonů. Proto se hledají nové cesty v konstrukci, ale dnes hlavně v technologii, jak vyhovět oběma požadavkům. Jednou z možností jak snížit hydraulické ztráty nejen samotných hydraulických strojů ale i jejich systémů včetně potrubí je úprava hydraulicky aktivních prvků. Cílem je dosáhnout prokluzu kapaliny po povrchu a tím snížit gradient rychlosti, který určuje míru disipace energie v blízkosti povrchu. Tyto vlastnosti mají prvky s hydrofobními vlastnostmi. V následujících kapitolách jsou uvedeny některé výsledky experimentů a výpočtových modelování soustav s hydrofobními vlastnostmi povrchů.

Large amounts of hydraulic equipment, especially pumps, operate within energy systems. It is estimated that more than 70% of the produced electrical energy is used for pumping of liquids. Therefore it is necessary to Large amounts of hydraulic equipment, especially pumps, operate within energy systems. It is estimated that more than 70% of the produced electrical energy is used for pumping of liquids. Therefore it is necessary to design modern hydraulic machinery with high hydraulic efficiency. Besides that, today's dynamic energy networks require the provision of hydraulic machines in a wide range of performance. Therefore it is necessary to search for new ways in the design and, mainly, in the technology to meet both of the above-mentioned requirements. One option of how to reduce the hydraulic losses of not only the hydraulic elements, but also the piping systems is by an adjustment of the hydraulically active elements. The aim is to achieve slippage of fluid over the surface and thereby a reduction of the velocity gradient, which determines the rate of energy dissipation near the surface. Elements with hydrophobic layers have these properties. The following chapters show some of the results of experiments and computational simulations of systems with surfaces with hydrophobic properties.

hydrofobie, design, hydraulické stroje, ztráty

hydrophoby, design, hydrulic machine, losses

2015

28.10.2015

MVC (Krokus Ekspo)

Moskva

978-5-9903138-5-9

EkopumpRus´2015 - sbornik dokladov

1.

77–83

7